Force Directed Network

import { type ChartPoint, defineChart, dot, link, text } from "@tanstack/charts";
import { motion } from "@tanstack/charts/motion";
import { forceLayout } from "@tanstack/charts/network/force";
import { tooltip } from "@tanstack/charts/tooltip";
import { Chart } from "@tanstack/react-charts/core";
import { useMemo } from "react";

import { scaleLinear } from "d3-scale";
import { Share2 } from "lucide-react";

import { Card, CardContent, CardDescription, CardFooter, CardHeader, CardTitle } from "@/components/ui/card";

interface NodeDatum {
    id: string;
    group: number;
}

interface LinkDatum {
    source: string;
    target: string;
    value: number;
}

const motionRenderer = motion({
    initial: "always",
    transition: { type: "spring", stiffness: 170, damping: 18, mass: 1 },
});

function generateDemoData(): { nodes: NodeDatum[]; links: LinkDatum[] } {
    const nodes: NodeDatum[] = [
        { id: "Valjean", group: 1 },
        { id: "Javert", group: 1 },
        { id: "Fantine", group: 1 },
        { id: "Cosette", group: 2 },
        { id: "Marius", group: 2 },
        { id: "Eponine", group: 2 },
        { id: "Thenardier", group: 2 },
        { id: "Mme.Thenardier", group: 2 },
        { id: "Enjolras", group: 3 },
        { id: "Gavroche", group: 3 },
        { id: "Courfeyrac", group: 3 },
        { id: "Combeferre", group: 3 },
    ];

    const links: LinkDatum[] = [
        { source: "Valjean", target: "Javert", value: 8 },
        { source: "Valjean", target: "Fantine", value: 6 },
        { source: "Valjean", target: "Cosette", value: 9 },
        { source: "Valjean", target: "Marius", value: 5 },
        { source: "Javert", target: "Fantine", value: 3 },
        { source: "Cosette", target: "Marius", value: 10 },
        { source: "Marius", target: "Eponine", value: 7 },
        { source: "Thenardier", target: "Mme.Thenardier", value: 9 },
        { source: "Thenardier", target: "Valjean", value: 4 },
        { source: "Enjolras", target: "Gavroche", value: 8 },
        { source: "Enjolras", target: "Courfeyrac", value: 7 },
        { source: "Enjolras", target: "Combeferre", value: 7 },
        { source: "Courfeyrac", target: "Combeferre", value: 6 },
        { source: "Marius", target: "Enjolras", value: 5 },
    ];

    return { nodes, links };
}

function shadcnTooltipContent<TDatum>(points: readonly ChartPoint<TDatum>[]) {
    if (points.length === 0) return { title: "", rows: [] };
    const p = points[0];
    const d = p.datum as any;
    if (!d) return { title: "", rows: [] };
    if ("group" in d) {
        return {
            title: d.id,
            rows: [{ label: "Group", value: `Cluster ${d.group}`, color: "var(--chart-1)" }],
        };
    }
    return {
        title: "Connection Link",
        rows: [
            { label: "Link Path", value: `${d.source} → ${d.target}`, color: "var(--foreground)" },
            { label: "Interaction Weight", value: `${d.value}`, color: "var(--chart-2)" },
        ],
    };
}

export function ForceDirectedNetwork() {
    const { nodes, links } = useMemo(() => generateDemoData(), []);

    const graph = useMemo(() => {
        return forceLayout(nodes, links, {
            nodeKey: "id",
            source: "source",
            target: "target",
            iterations: 300,
            domainPadding: 0.2,
            forces: [
                {
                    type: "link",
                    distance: (datum: LinkDatum) => 54 - Math.min(datum.value, 10) * 1.8,
                    strength: (datum: LinkDatum) => 0.2 + Math.min(datum.value, 10) * 0.045,
                },
                { type: "manyBody", strength: -165 },
                { type: "center", x: 0, y: 0 },
                { type: "collide", radius: 15, strength: 0.9 },
                { type: "x", x: 0, strength: 0.035 },
                { type: "y", y: 0, strength: 0.035 },
            ],
        });
    }, [nodes, links]);

    const definition = useMemo(
        () =>
            defineChart(
                {
                    renderer: motionRenderer,
                    marks: [
                        link(graph.links, {
                            id: "network-links",
                            x1: "x1",
                            y1: "y1",
                            x2: "x2",
                            y2: "y2",
                            key: ({ source, target }: any) => `${source}->${target}`,
                            stroke: "var(--border)",
                            strokeOpacity: 0.7,
                            strokeWidth: 1.5,
                        }),
                        dot(graph.nodes, {
                            id: "network-nodes",
                            x: "x",
                            y: "y",
                            color: (d: any) =>
                                d.group === 1 ? "var(--chart-1)" : d.group === 2 ? "var(--chart-2)" : "var(--chart-3)",
                            key: "id",
                            r: 7,
                            stroke: "var(--background)",
                            strokeWidth: 1.5,
                        }),
                        text(graph.nodes, {
                            id: "network-labels",
                            x: "x",
                            y: "y",
                            text: "id",
                            key: "id",
                            dy: -12,
                            fontSize: 10,
                            fontWeight: 600,
                            fill: "var(--foreground)",
                        }),
                    ],
                    scales: {
                        x: {
                            scale: scaleLinear().domain(graph.xDomain),
                        },
                        y: {
                            scale: scaleLinear().domain(graph.yDomain),
                        },
                    },
                    guides: false,
                    theme: {
                        foreground: "var(--muted-foreground)",
                        grid: "transparent",
                        background: "transparent",
                    },
                },
                {
                    keyboard: true,
                    tooltip: {
                        use: tooltip,
                        className:
                            "font-sans shadow-none rounded-md bg-popover text-popover-foreground border p-2 text-xs",
                        anchor: "group-center",
                        placement: "auto",
                        content: (points) => shadcnTooltipContent(points),
                    },
                },
            ),
        [graph],
    );

    return (
        <Card className="w-full max-w-xl">
            <CardHeader>
                <CardTitle>Force-Directed Network</CardTitle>
                <CardDescription>
                    Physics-based force layout displaying node relationships and entity interaction clusters
                </CardDescription>
            </CardHeader>
            <CardContent>
                <div className="h-[280px] w-full">
                    <Chart
                        definition={definition}
                        renderer={motionRenderer}
                        height={280}
                        ariaLabel="Force-Directed Network Chart"
                    />
                </div>
            </CardContent>
            <CardFooter className="flex-col items-start gap-2 text-sm">
                <div className="flex items-center gap-2 leading-none font-medium">
                    Nodes positioned via spring-embedder force simulation <Share2 className="text-primary h-4 w-4" />
                </div>
                <div className="text-muted-foreground leading-none">
                    Repulsive many-body forces separate clusters while link tension pulls connected entities
                </div>
            </CardFooter>
        </Card>
    );
}

export default ForceDirectedNetwork;